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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Forestry Engineering Journal</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Forestry Engineering Journal</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Лесотехнический журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2222-7962</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">56319</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/7</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Технологии. Машины и оборудование</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>TECHNOLOGIES. MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Технологии. Машины и оборудование</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">OPERATION OF SOIL-CULTIVATING IMPLEMENTS IN CONDITIONS OF NON-UPROOTED CLEARINGS IN THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA: ANALYSIS OF OBSTACLES IN THE FORM OF STUMPS AND ROOTS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИЯ ПОЧВООБРАБАТЫВАЮЩИХ ОРУДИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕРАСКОРЧЕВАННЫХ ВЫРУБОК ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ ЧАСТИ РОССИИ: АНАЛИЗ ПРЕПЯТСТВИЙ В ВИДЕ ПНЕЙ И КОРНЕЙ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Малюков</surname>
       <given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Malyukov</surname>
       <given-names>Sergey Vladimirovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>malyukovsergey@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Поздняков</surname>
       <given-names>Евгений Владиславович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Pozdnyakov</surname>
       <given-names>E. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>pozd.ev@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Дегтярева</surname>
       <given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Degtyareva</surname>
       <given-names>Svetlana Ivanovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>degtjarewa-lana@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шавков</surname>
       <given-names>Михаил Викторович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shavkov</surname>
       <given-names>M. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Малюкова</surname>
       <given-names>Маргарита Александровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Malyukova</surname>
       <given-names>Margarita Aleksandrovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шанин</surname>
       <given-names>Игорь Игоревич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shanin</surname>
       <given-names>Igor Igorevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>kingoao@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Арико</surname>
       <given-names>Сергей Евгеньевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ariko</surname>
       <given-names>Sergey E.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>sergeyariko@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г. Ф. Морозова»</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г. Ф. Морозова»</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова</institution>
     <city>Воронеж</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov</institution>
     <city>Voronezh</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Русгидроком (РГК)»</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">LLC Rushydrocom</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова»</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова»</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-8">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный технологический университет</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Belarusian State Technological University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-01-01T17:18:43+03:00">
    <day>01</day>
    <month>01</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-01-01T17:18:43+03:00">
    <day>01</day>
    <month>01</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>12</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>96</fpage>
   <lpage>113</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-11-20T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>11</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-19T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>19</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="http://lestehjournal.ru/en/journal/2022/no-4-48/operation-soil-cultivating-implements-conditions-non-uprooted-clearings">http://lestehjournal.ru/en/journal/2022/no-4-48/operation-soil-cultivating-implements-conditions-non-uprooted-clearings</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Вырубки и гари отличаются большим разнообразием почвенных и климатических условий. Поэтому выбор технологических приемов и технических средств подготовки почвы, предшествующей посадке лесных культур, зависит от множества факторов. На выбор способа обработки почвы существенное влияние оказывает и состав бывшего насаждения. Если после рубки чистых сосновых насаждений наблюдается незначительное количество поросли мягких лиственных пород, то после рубки смешанных елово-лиственных насаждений на вырубке появляется обильная поросль. Верхний горизонт почвы оказывается сильно насыщенным корнями древесно-кустарниковой растительности. На свежих нераскорчеванных вырубках частота встречи рабочих органов почвообрабатывающих орудий с пнями и корнями колеблется в довольно широких пределах, что требует изучения параметров таких препятствий. Сбор данных проводили в системах eLIBRARY и Scopus. Обработку осуществляли с помощью программ StatSoftStatistica10 и Microsoft Excel. Было установлено, что высота пней равна или превышает их диаметры и возрастает с увеличением диаметра для всех исследуемых видов деревьев. При диаметре пней до 24 см их средняя высота составляет 22…27 см, при 25…36 см – 30…40 см, при 61…72 см – 70 см. Распределение пней по ступеням высоты изучаемых видов деревьев показало, что высоту 30 см имеют 51.8 % пней берёзы, 58.8 % ели и 77.1 % осины. Остальные пни достигают высоты 50 см и более. На порослевой вырубке максимальная средняя высота пней (29.3 см) наблюдается у дуба и ясеня. Меньшая средняя высота пней (21.0 см) наблюдается у клена и липы. На вырубке каждый десятый пень достигает высоты более 40 см, каждый четвертый – более 30 см. На вырубке старовозрастных семенных дубрав самую большую среднюю высоту (40.6 см) имеют пни дуба. Несколько меньшую высоту (31.1 см) имеют пни ясеня. У клена и липы она равна 22.6 см. Высота каждого пятого пня составляет 40…70 см, каждого второго – более 30 см. Сделан вывод о том, что для всех видов деревьев свойственно горизонтальное расположение корневой системы на глубине 0-30 см. Именно в этой зоне происходит обработки почвы.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Felled and burnt areas are distinguished wide variety of soil and climatic conditions. Therefore, the choice of technological techniques and technical means of preparing the soil prior to planting forest crops depends on many factors. The composition of the former stand also has a significant influence on the choice of the method of tillage. If, after cutting clean point stands, there is an insignificant amount of soft-wooded deciduous species growth, then after cutting mixed spruce-deciduous stands, abundant growth appears on the cutting. The upper horizon of the soil turns out to be heavily filled with the roots of woody and shrubs vegetation. On freshly cutting site non stump grubbing, the frequency of encounter of the working bodies of tillage tools with stumps and roots varies quite widely, which requires studying the parameters of such obstacles. Data collection was carried out in the eLIBRARY and Scopus databases. Processing was carried out using the programs StatSoft Statistica 10 and Microsoft Excel. It was found that the height of the stumps is equal to or greater than their diameters and increases with increasing diameter for all tree species studied. With a diameter of stumps up to 24 cm, their average height is 22...27 cm, with 25...36 cm - 30...40 cm, with 61...72 cm - 70 cm. 51.8% birch stumps, 58.8% spruce and 77.1% aspen. The remaining stumps reach a height of 50 cm or more. On coppice felling, the maximum average height of stumps (29.3 cm) is observed in oak and ash. A smaller average height of stumps (21.0 cm) is observed in maple and linden. In the clearing, every tenth stump reaches a height of more than 40 cm, every fourth - more than 30 cm. In the clearing of old-growth seed oak forests, oak stumps have the highest average height (40.6 cm). Ash stumps have a slightly lower height (31.1 cm). For maple and linden, it is 22.6 cm. The height of every fifth stump is 40 ... 70 cm, every second - more than 30 cm. It is concluded that for all types of trees, the root system is horizontal at a depth of 0-30 cm. It is in this zone that tillage takes place.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>почвообрабатывающие орудия</kwd>
    <kwd>нераскорчеванные вырубки</kwd>
    <kwd>количество пней на вырубках</kwd>
    <kwd>средняя высота пней</kwd>
    <kwd>корневая система сосны</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>tillage implements</kwd>
    <kwd>not uprooted clearings</kwd>
    <kwd>number of stumps in clearings</kwd>
    <kwd>average height of stumps</kwd>
    <kwd>pine root system</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-79-10010, https://rscf.ru/project/22-79-10010</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation № 22-79-10010, https://rscf.ru/project/22-79-10010</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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