Mytischi, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
World experience shows the effectiveness of the creation of clusters in various industries. A lot of work and research domestic and foreign scholars and practitioners are dedicated to study and development of mechanisms of realization of industrial policy. The article analyzes the main indicators of the forest industry and forestry in Tomsk region in recent years, the basic provisions are revealed, Factors determining the development trends of the industry are analyzed. The authors identified the major systemic problems hindering the progressive development of forest sector in Tomsk region, including low level of development of periodic yield, the lack of transport and economically available forest resources, inadequate production structure and export of forest products, financial situation of enterprises of the sector, insufficient staffing, weak territorial cooperation of the enterprises and organizations. The article defines the objective conditions for creation of timber industry cluster in Tomsk region, goals, objectives and directions of sustainable development of the forest sector in Tomsk region on the basis of cluster approach are identified. Among the main areas that determine competitiveness of products and possibility of increasing the efficiency of forest management, the following issues are highlighted: development of deep processing of wood through the use of low-grade wood and wood waste, development of transport infrastructure in forests, improving human potential, expanding the range of manufactured timber enterprises in the cluster of products and implementation of joint projects. The conclusions can provide theoretical basis for further research in the field of economic security and development of timber processing complex and forestry. Obtained results can be used both by researchers in further research work to explore issues of cluster development of timber industry and regional authorities and business structures functioning in the sphere of forest industry.
Tomsk region, modern state, timber industry, timber cluster, forest resources, system problems, development prospects.
В настоящее время в Российской Федерации кластерный подход декларируется в качестве одного из базовых инструментов государственной и региональной экономической политики [13; 14; 15; 24; 25]. Целесообразность его применения имеется во многих отраслях промышленности, в том числе и в лесопромышленном комплексе. Однако в реализации кластерной политики в лесном секторе экономики имеет место ряд методических и организационных сложностей. Это связано с несовершенством законодательной базы, наличием системных проблем в лесном комплексе и недостаточной инициативой со стороны региональных органов исполнительной власти [4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 26; 27; 28]. К одной из важнейших проблем можно отнести низкий уровень кооперации ранее технологически тесно связанных предприятий, вызванный их организационно-правовой разобщённостью, что негативно сказывается на комплексности использования древесного сырья.
1. Bezrukih, Yu.A. Razrabotka strategii stanovleniya i razvitiya lesopromyshlennogo predpriyatiya (na primere ZAO «Roskitinvest», Tomskaya oblast') [Tekst] / Yu.A. Bezrukih, S.O. Medvedev, A.I. Chuvaeva // Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo. - 2015. - № 6-2 (59-2). - S. 458-462.
2. Departament lesnogo hozyaystva Tomskoy oblasti [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: https://deples.tomsk.gov.ru/. - Zagl. s ekrana.
3. Zemcov, S.P. Prioritety prostranstvennogo razvitiya Tomskoy oblasti [Tekst] / S.P. Zemcov, V.V. Klimanov, E.A. Bugaeva // Region: Ekonomika i Sociologiya. - 2016. - № 2 (90). - S. 42-61.
4. Kozhemyako, N.P. Konceptual'naya model' prognozirovaniya razvitiya lesnogo sektora Rossii [Tekst] / N.P. Kozhemyako, S.G. Kuznecov, S.A. Kon'shakova // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. - 2015. - T. 5. - № 4 (20). - S. 252-266. DOI:https://doi.org/10.12737/17429.
5. Kozhemyako, N.P. Upravlenie strategicheskim razvitiem lesnogo sektora Rossiyskoy Federacii na principah chastno-gosudarstvennogo partnerstva: monografiya [Tekst] / N.P. Kozhemyako. - M.: FGUP «GNC LPK», 2011. - 160 s.
6. Kozhuhov, N.I. Formirovanie infrastrukturnyh klasterov v mnogolesnoy zone RF v interesah effektivnogo osvoeniya regional'nogo ekonomicheskogo prostranstva [Tekst] / N.I. Kozhuhov // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. - 2014. - T. 4. - № 4 (16). - S. 301-309. DOI:https://doi.org/10.12737/8505.
7. Kon'shakova, S.A. Issledovanie prirody ekonomicheskih i institucional'nyh interesov sub'ektov regional'noy ekonomiki [Tekst] / S.A. Kon'shakova, S.G. Kuznecov, O.N. Polyakova // Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. - 2011. - № 3. - S. 97-100.
8. Kuznecov, S.G. Modeli i indikatory razvitiya lesnogo sektora Rossii [Tekst] / S.G. Kuznecov // Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo. - 2015. - № 6-1 (59-1). - S. 142-145.
9. Lesnoy plan Tomskoy oblasti. Knigi 1, 2. Utverzhden rasporyazheniem Gubernatora Tomskoy oblasti ot 18.08.2015 № 263-r [Elektronnyy resurs] // Departament lesnogo hozyaystva Tomskoy oblasti. - Rezhim dostupa: https://deples.tomsk.gov.ru/Plani-rabot.
10. Murav'ev, I. V. Klasternyy podhod kak metod gosudarstvennogo regulirovaniya razvitiya lesnoy industrii regiona (na primere Tomskoy oblasti) [Tekst] : avtoref. ... kand. ekon. nauk / I.V. Murav'ev. - Tomsk, 2005. - 28 s.
11. OOO «Centr klasternogo razvitiya Tomskoy oblasti» [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://innoclusters.ru/. - Zagl. s ekrana.
12. Postanovlenie Zakonodatel'noy Dumy Tomskoy oblasti ot 26.03.2015 № 2580 «Ob utverzhdenii Strategii social'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Tomskoy oblasti do 2030 goda» [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/regbase/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=RLAW091&n=88211#0.
13. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 28.01.2016 № 41 (red. ot 25.05.2016) «Ob utverzhdenii Pravil predostavleniya iz federal'nogo byudzheta subsidiy uchastnikam promyshlennyh klasterov na vozmeschenie chasti zatrat pri realizacii sovmestnyh proektov po proizvodstvu promyshlennoy produkcii klastera v celyah importozamescheniya» [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_193186/.
14. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 31.07.2015 № 779 «O promyshlennyh klasterah i specializirovannyh organizaciyah promyshlennyh klasterov» (vmeste s «Trebovaniyami k promyshlennym klasteram i specializirovannym organizaciyam promyshlennyh klasterov v celyah primeneniya k nim mer stimulirovaniya deyatel'nosti v sfere promyshlennosti») [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_183798/.
15. Prikaz Minpromtorga RF № 248, Minsel'hoza RF № 482 ot 31.10.2008 «Ob utverzhdenii Strategii razvitiya lesnogo kompleksa Rossiyskoy Federacii na period do 2020 goda» [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_99108/.
16. Rasporyazhenie Administracii Tomskoy oblasti ot 12.12.2008 № 730/1-ra «Ob utverzhdenii Strategii razvitiya transportnoy sistemy Tomskoy oblasti v 2008-2025 gg.» [Elektronnyy resurs] // Oficial'nyy internet-portal Administracii Tomskoy oblasti. - Rezhim dostupa: http://storage.esp.tomsk.gov.ru/files/31172/No%20730-1D1%80%D0%B0%20%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%20%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%202008-2025%20%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85.pdf.
17. Rasporyazhenie Administracii Tomskoy oblasti ot 29.12.2014 №957-ra «Ob utverzhdenii Koncepcii investicionnogo razvitiya Tomskoy oblasti do 2025 goda (s prognozom do 2030 goda)» [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/regbase/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=RLAW091;n=85865#0.
18. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel'stva Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 14.01.2015 № 22-r (red. ot 29.07.2016)
19. Strategiya razvitiya lesnoy otrasli Tomskoy oblasti na period do 2020 goda. - Tomsk, 2011. [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://flatik.ru/strategiya-razvitiya-lesnoj-otrasli-tomskoj-oblasti-na-period. - Zagl. s ekrana.
20. Tokarev, A.N. Vozmozhnosti razvitiya glubokoy pererabotki lesa v Tomskoy oblasti [Tekst] / A.N.Tokarev // Sibirskaya finansovaya shkola. - 2012. - № 5 (94). - S. 7-11.
21. Federal'naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoy statistiki [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://gks.ru. - Zagl. s ekrana.
22. Federal'naya tamozhennaya sluzhba [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.customs.ru/. - Zagl. s ekrana.
23. Federal'noe agentstvo lesnogo hozyaystva [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.rosleshoz.gov.ru/. - Zagl. s ekrana.
24. Federal'nyy zakon «O promyshlennoy politike v Rossiyskoy Federacii» ot 31.12.2014 № 488-FZ [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_173119/.
25. Federal'nyy zakon «O strategicheskom planirovanii v Rossiyskoy Federacii» ot 28.06.2014 № 172-FZ [Elektronnyy resurs] // Konsul'tantPlyus onlayn - Nekommercheskie internet-versii sistemy Konsul'tantPlyus. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_164841/.
26. Fitchin, A. A. Razvitie kooperacii predpriyatiy v ramkah regional'nyh lesopromyshlennyh klasterov [Tekst] / A.A. Fitchin // Finansovaya analitika: problemy i resheniya. - 2017. - T. 10. - № 4 (334) - S. 464-478. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24891/fa.10.4.464.
27. Hairov, B.G. Formirovanie regional'nogo lesopromyshlennogo innovacionno-logisticheskogo klastera (RLP ILK) [Elektronnyy resurs] / B.G. Hairov, T.A. Prokof'eva // Rossiyskiy ekonomicheskiy internet-zhurnal. - 2016. - № 2. - S. 55. - Rezhim dostupa: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=26477371.
28. Zozulya, V.V. Environmental Economy Development with Financial Mechanisms as a Part of Import Substitution in Timber Processing Industry [Text] / V.V. Zozulya, O.V. Romanchenko, V.V. Sakhanov // International Journal of Ecology and Development. - 2017. - Vol. 32. - no. 2. - pp. 1-9.
