Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
Zelenye nasazhdeniya normalizuyut gazovyy rezhim i uluchshayut himicheskiy sostav atmosfery. Kachestvo funkcionirovaniya zelenyh nasazhdeniy zavisit ot ih sostoyaniya i ustoychivosti, chto opredelyaetsya prirodnymi i antropogennymi faktorami. Dlya lesov zelenyh zon gorodov glavnym yavlyaetsya rekreacionnoe ispol'zovanie lesnyh resursov. No rekreacionnaya deyatel'nost' znachitel'no vozdeystvuet na processy rosta i razvitiya sosny obyknovennoy. V zone intensivnoy rekreacii u derev'ev umen'shayutsya vysota i diametr stvola, snizhaetsya prodolzhitel'nost' ih zhizni. V kachestve ob'ekta issledovaniy vybrany srednevozrastnye sosnovye nasazhdeniya razlichnoy stadii digressii, iskusstvennogo proishozhdeniya (TLU – A₂, TL – Str) v Somovskom lesnichestve Voronezhskoy oblasti. Nasazhdeniya sosny obyknovennoy v usloviyah A₂ otlichayutsya nevysokoy proizvoditel'nost'yu (ne vyshe II boniteta). Predstavleny morfometricheskie pokazateli iskusstvennyh sosnovyh nasazhdeniy razlichnogo vozrasta, a takzhe raspredelenie zapasa derev'ev po kategoriyam sostoyaniya. Naibol'shey izmenchivost'yu harakterizuetsya diametr stvola v 38-letnih nasazhdeniyah I i III stadii digressii: koefficient variacii 20,42% i 20,63%. S usileniem rekreacionnogo vozdeystviya uvelichivaetsya chislo derev'ev, utrativshih zhiznesposobnost'. Polozhitel'naya rol' v 38-letnih nasazhdeniyah prinadlezhit bereze, blagodarya kotoroy sostoyanie derev'ev sosny luchshe, chem v chistyh 63-letnih nasazhdeniyah. Privedena sravnitel'naya harakteristika raspredeleniya anomaliy razvitiya i povrezhdeniy v nasazhdeniyah razlichnogo vozrasta. V rezul'tate vyyavleno vliyanie vozrasta na poyavlenie defektov. V 63-letnih nasazhdeniyah razlichnoy stadii digressii bol'shee chislo derev'ev s defektami i povrezhdeniyami, chem v 38-letnih nasazhdeniyah. Vyyavleno, chto s uvelicheniem digressii nasazhdeniy proishodit massovoe rasprostranenie hvoegryzuschih vrediteley. Sformulirovany vyvody. Dany rekomendacii po povysheniyu ustoychivosti nasazhdeniy k rekreacionnym nagruzkam, uluchsheniyu ih sanitarnogo sostoyaniya, povysheniyu proizvoditel'nosti.
sosna obyknovennaya (Pinus sylvestris, L.), kategoriya sostoyaniya, sanitarnoe sostoyanie derev'ev, patologicheskie priznaki, hvoegryzuschie vrediteli, stadiya digressii
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